IGCSE Maths: Algebra

Overview

Algebra forms the backbone of IGCSE Mathematics and is tested extensively across all papers. Strong algebra skills are essential for tackling nearly every other topic. Extended students must also handle algebraic fractions, completing the square, and the quadratic formula.

Core Syllabus Topics

• Simplifying expressions
• Solving linear equations
• Substitution
• Expanding brackets
• Factorising (common factors)
• Changing the subject of a formula

Extended Syllabus Topics

• Quadratic equations (factorising, formula, completing the square)
• Simultaneous equations (linear and non-linear)
• Algebraic fractions
• Surds and indices
• Inequalities (solving and graphing)

Common Mistakes to Avoid

• Sign errors when expanding negative brackets
• Forgetting to factorise completely
• Errors in algebraic fraction simplification
• Not checking solutions by substituting back